2008.12.16館發筆記

COLLECTION DEVELOPMENT POLICY ELEMENTS
館藏發展政策基礎
A. Introduction 介紹
The main reason to write a collection development policy is to prevent the library from being driven by events or by individual enthusiasms and from purchasing a random set of resources, which may not support the mission of the library.
寫館藏發展政策的主要原因是，防止圖書館被事件或個體興趣迫使和購買規格不一的資源,這些是不能支持圖書館使命的因素

Besides, electronic resources are becoming increasingly important to libraries of all types and sizes, and are consuming an ever-increasing share of library budgets.
除此之外，電子資源的重要性越來越大至所有類型和大小的圖書館，是增加消耗圖書館的預算

Therefore, selection decisions concerning electronic information resources should also be made within an explicit collection development policy.
因此,選擇決定關於電子資訊資源應該同樣地被做在詳盡館藏發展方針的範圍內

This might be a separate policy or an integrated one.
這個可能是一個獨立的政策或被結合成一的政策

The first elements of a collection development policy will be a mission statement of the library, the purpose of this policy and the audience to whom it is addressed.
館藏發展方針的第一元素將會是圖書館的任務說明，這個方針和聽取針對誰的目的

It should also include brief statements about the community or user group(s); description of the types of programs the library collection serves;
這應該同樣地包括短暫說明關於社區或用家組別;

the size (including number of periodicals, monographic volumes, electronic resources, languages represented) of the collection;
圖書館館藏服務程式的類型的描述;

a detailed budgetary overview of the money the library will spend on the different types of information resources; and any formal or informal cooperative agreements that affect the collection policy or practices.
館藏的大小(包括期刊、專題冊子、電子資源和語言描述的數量);圖書館所得的細節預算概述將花費在資訊資源的不同類型;和任何正式或非正規合作協議這效果館藏方針或練習

B. General Statements 一般的說明
Here will be listed characteristics that determine the direction of the development of the collection such as:
這裡將被編目列入特性是決定館藏發展方向例如:

current focus only or also retrospective acquisitions; the resource types (monographs, periodicals, theses, gray literature, maps, etc.); languages; formats (printed, non-print or electronic);
當時重點,只有或同樣地回顧取得,資源類型(專題論文、期刊、論點、陰暗的文章、地圖等);語言;版本(已印刷、不印刷或電子);

special sources of funding (a grant or gift from a donor); the policy regarding gifts and any special policies regarding maintenance (weeding, discarding, preservation) of the collection; and size of the collections.
資金的特別來源(財產轉移或禮物由贈送人);館藏的方針關於禮物和任何特別方針關於保護(除錯、丟棄、保護);和館藏大小

Other statements can be about how complaints are handled; if there is an equivalent to the "Library Bill of Rights"; about other relevant policies; what limitations exist - what subjects or areas are intentionally not collected etc.
其他說明能關於怎抱怨是操作起來;如這是相等圖書館權利宣言;關於其他有關方針;限制存在-主題或區域是意向不是館藏等

C. Narrative Statements記敘說明
Each institution, including its community and other constituents, is unique.
每個制度,包括社區和其他組成,是唯一的.

Therefore, its policy statements will be unique. The policy statements should reflect this particular library and the community it serves.
因此,它的方針將是唯一的.方針說明應該反映這個特色圖書館和社區服務

Statements should be made of special subject or format collections that represent unique materials and for which special guidelines apply, and which formats are excluded.
說明應該被特別主題或格式館藏的製造表示唯一材料和為了特別指南實行,這些格式不接納

The scope of coverage should be described (languages collected or excluded; geographical areas covered and/or specific areas excluded; chronological periods covered by the collection in terms of intellectual content and in terms of publication dates and specific periods excluded).
覆蓋範圍應該被描寫(語言收集和不接納;地理學區域的隱藏和/或特殊區域不存在;依時間前後記錄時期覆蓋被館藏在智力滿足的期限和在出版日期和特別時期不在在的期限)

Subjects should be described in terms of the library’s classification scheme and subject descriptors.
主題應該版描寫在圖書館分類計畫和主題符號的期限

Library unit or selector responsible for the collection(s).
圖書館單位或選擇者為了館收藏需負責

Other categories of useful local information, such as interdisciplinary relationships; consortial relationships; policies for acquiring access to information.
有用的當地資訊的其他款目,例如各學科間關係;古典樂的關係;方鐸是為了獲得近用資訊

2008.12.09館發筆記

（一） 生字查找
Diversity(差異) in Collection Development:

An Interpretation(解釋) of the Library Bill of Rights
Collection development should reflect the philosophy(原理) inherent(內部、內在) in Article II of the Library Bill of Rights: “Libraries should provide materials and information presenting all points of view on current and historical issues(問題). Materials should not be proscribed or removed because of partisan or doctrinal disapproval.” Library collections must represent the diversity of people and ideas in our society. There are many complex facets to any issue, and many contexts(上下文) in which issues may be expressed, discussed, or interpreted. Librarians have an obligation(義務) to select and support access to materials and resources on all subjects that meet(等於), as closely as possible, the needs, interests, and abilities of all persons in the community the library serves.

Librarians have a professional responsibility to be inclusive, not exclusive, in collection development and in the provision of interlibrary loan(貨款). Access to all materials and resources legally(法律上) obtainable(可獲得) should be assured to the user, and policies should not unjustly(不公道地) exclude materials and resources even if they are offensive(進攻) to the librarian or the user. This includes materials and resources that reflect a diversity of political(政治), economic, religious, social, minority(少數), and sexual issues. A balanced(平衡) collection reflects a diversity of materials and resources, not an equality of numbers.

Collection development responsibilities include selecting materials and resources in different formats produced by independent, small and local producers(生產商) as well as information resources from major producers and distributors(經銷商) Materials and resources should represent the languages commonly used in the library’s service community and should include formats that meet the needs of users with disabilities(傷殘). Collection development and the selection of materials and resources should be done according to professional standards and established(建立) selection and review procedures. Librarians may seek(尋求) to increase user awareness(了悟) of materials and resources on various social concerns by many means, including, but not limited to, issuing lists of resources, arranging(安排) exhibits, and presenting programs.

Over time, individuals(個體), groups, and entities have sought(尋找) to limit the diversity of library collections. They cite a variety of reasons that include prejudicial(造成偏見) language and ideas, political(政治) content, economic theory, social philosophies, religious beliefs, sexual content and expression, and other potentially(淺在地) controversial topics. Examples of such censorship(審查) may include removing or not selecting materials because they are considered by some as racist(種族主義者) or sexist(性別歧視); not purchasing conservative religious materials; not selecting resources about or by minorities(少數) because it is thought these groups or interests are not represented in a community; or not providing information or materials from or about non-mainstream political entities. Librarians have a professional responsibility to be fair(復原), just, and equitable and to give all library users equal protection in guarding against violation of the library patron’s right to read, view, or listen to materials and resources protected by the First Amendment(校正), no matter what the viewpoint(眼界) of the author, creator, or selector. Librarians have an obligation to protect library collections from removal of materials and resources based(基本的) on personal bias or prejudice(偏見).

Intellectual(智力) freedom, the essence of equitable library services, provides for free access to all expressions of ideas through which any and all sides of a question, cause, or movement may be explored. Toleration is meaningless without tolerance(容忍) for what some may consider detestable. Librarians must not permit their own preferences to limit their degree(程度) of tolerance in collection development.

2008.12.02館發筆記

上星期閱讀英文文章，雖然有些困難，不過當翻譯完成後那種成就感是難以言喻的，因此我在英文方面還要多多加油才可以。

11.25館藏發展

圖書館學五律（Five Laws of Library Science），是由印度學者阮加那桑，於1931年首創，其內容為：
1.書貴為用（Books are for use）
2.書為人而設（Books are for all）
3.讀者有書（Every book its reader）
4.節省讀者的時間（Save the time of reader）
5.圖書館是一成長的有機體（Library is a growing organism）

第六律
讀者有選擇資料的自由（Every reader his freedom）